Cardiologist in Bettahalasur, Bangalore • Papillary muscle rupture When symptoms of cardiac failure occur in a patient who has developed a new murmur, the possibility of acute mitral regurgitation caused by a papillary muscle rupture should be considered. This is more often a complication of an inferior infarct (posteromedial papillary muscle) but can occur after an anterior infarct (anterolateral muscle). The diagnosis is made echocardiographically. The complication carries an adverse prognosis, but valve replacement or occasionally repair can be performed in suitable patients. The causal infarction can be quite small