best cardiologist in bangalore Heart Valve Disease diseases affecting heart and cardiovascular system Your valves sit at the exit of each of your four heart chambers. They keep blood flowing through your heart. Sometimes, there are problems with these valves. Examples of heart valve problems include: Aortic stenosis. Your aortic valve narrows. It slows blood flow from your heart to the rest of your body. Mitral valve insufficiency. Your mitral valve doesn’t close tightly enough. This causes blood to leak backward, leading to fluid backup in the lungs. Mitral valve prolapse. The valve between your left upper and left lower chambers doesn’t close right. Pericarditis This condition is rare and means the lining surrounding your heart is inflamed. An infection often causes this.